Quantum Secular Labs / Blog / Advisories
CVE-2022-30525: Zyxel Multiple Firewalls OS Command Injection Vulnerability
CVE-2022-30525 is rated critical with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 and affects Zyxel Multiple Firewalls, along with 10 other products in NVD’s configuration data. Per its scoring, it can be exploited over the network, without authentication, without any user interaction. The scored impact on confidentiality, integrity and availability is the highest available. CISA added it to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2022-05-16, which means exploitation in the wild has been observed.
Vulnerability description
A OS command injection vulnerability in the CGI program of Zyxel USG FLEX 100(W) firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 200 firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 500 firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 700 firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 50(W) firmware versions 5.10 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG20(W)-VPN firmware versions 5.10 through 5.21 Patch 1, ATP series firmware versions 5.10 through 5.21 Patch 1, VPN series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.21 Patch 1, which could allow an attacker to modify specific files and then execute some OS commands on a vulnerable device.
Severity breakdown
CVSS v3.1 9.8: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
- Attack vector: Network. Exploitable remotely over the network, with no need for local or physical access.
- Attack complexity: Low. No special conditions; the attack can be repeated reliably.
- Privileges required: None. No account or prior access is needed.
- User interaction: None. No action from any user is needed.
- Scope: Unchanged. Impact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality impact: High. Total loss of confidentiality; sensitive data can be fully disclosed.
- Integrity impact: High. Total loss of integrity; data or system state can be fully modified.
- Availability impact: High. Total loss of availability; the component can be shut down.
Underlying weakness
CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command
The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command before it is sent to a downstream component.
Affected products
- Zyxel Usg Flex 100w Firmware: from 5.00 before 5.30
- Zyxel Usg Flex 200 Firmware: from 5.00 before 5.30
- Zyxel Usg Flex 500 Firmware: from 5.00 up to and including 5.30
- Zyxel Usg Flex 700 Firmware: from 5.00 before 5.30
- Zyxel Usg Flex 50w Firmware: from 5.10 before 5.30
- Zyxel Usg20w VPN Firmware: from 5.10 before 5.30
- Zyxel Vpn100 Firmware: from 4.60 before 5.30
- Zyxel Vpn1000 Firmware: from 4.60 before 5.30
- Zyxel Vpn300 Firmware: from 4.60 before 5.30
- Zyxel Vpn50 Firmware: from 4.60 before 5.30
- Zyxel Atp100 Firmware: from 5.10 before 5.30
- Zyxel Atp100w Firmware: from 5.10 before 5.30
- Zyxel Atp200 Firmware: from 5.10 before 5.30
- Zyxel Atp500 Firmware: from 5.10 before 5.30
- Zyxel Atp700 Firmware: from 5.10 before 5.30
References
- https://www.zyxel.com/support/Zyxel-security-advisory-for-OS-command-injection-vulnerability-of-firewalls.shtml
- http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/167176/Zyxel-Remote-Command-Execution.html
- http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/167182/Zyxel-Firewall-ZTP-Unauthenticated-Command-Injection.html
- http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/167372/Zyxel-USG-FLEX-5.21-Command-Injection.html
- http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/168202/Zyxel-Firewall-SUID-Binary-Privilege-Escalation.html
- https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2022-30525